• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method and an installation for producing a piece of composite material in which plies (12) of continuous and electrically conductive fibers are deposited to form a stack of folds (12) on a support (11). According to the invention, at least the face of said support (11) carrying said stack is electrically insulating and the following steps are performed: a) introducing an electrical terminal (13, 18) between the ends of at least two folds (12) placed directly above one another in said stack, and on at least two opposite sides of these folds (12), b) when said fibers are dry, introducing a resin to impregnate said fibers, c) circulating a current between said electrical terminals (13, 18) through said plies (12) for curing said resin by Joule heating.
    公开号:FR3019489A1
    申请号:FR1452946
    申请日:2014-04-03
    公开日:2015-10-09
    发明作者:Jacques Cinquin
    申请人:Airbus Group SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a process for producing parts made of composite materials with fibrous reinforcement. It also relates to an installation for the implementation of this method. Technological background Due to their technical advantages, composite materials are becoming more widely distributed in the most varied technological fields and occupying an increasingly important place in sectors such as aeronautics, space, and the like. automobile. For purely illustrative purposes, in the aeronautical field, aircraft structural elements are made of composite material in order to reduce the on-board weight. Typically, the parts made of composite material comprise a resin matrix reinforced with fibers. These parts are generally obtained by stacking on a tooling layers of resin pre-impregnated fibers. After the removal of the fiber layers, the assembly is covered, inter alia, with a bladder, then introduced into an autoclave and subjected to a cycle of temperature and pressure so as to obtain the polymerization of the part.
    [0002] During these polymerization steps, the temperatures are generally of the order of 200 ° C for conventional parts and can reach 350 ° C for high temperature application materials such as polyimides. However, it is observed that a lot of energy is needed to heat the tools, often metal, and the volume of the oven or autoclave used, with serious financial implications from the point of view of energy consumption.
    [0003] In addition, due to the large amounts of energy required and the high thermal inertia of the means used, it is often limited to heating rates below 1 ° C / minute. However, as production rates become higher and higher, the means traditionally used will soon be limited, except to increase their number and consequently to substantially increase manufacturing costs, which is incompatible with the economic stakes of companies. fabless. Ionization polymerization processes represent an interesting alternative because they allow polymerization and / or crosslinking without temperature rise. Thus, it is possible to obtain composite materials of good quality in a relatively short time and using relatively low energies. However, no industrial achievements have emerged to date. There is therefore a pressing need for a process for curing thermosetting matrix or thermosetting matrix composite parts of thermoplastic matrix composite parts, which is economical while allowing a substantial increase in production rates. The present invention aims at overcoming these various disadvantages of the prior art by proposing a method and an installation for producing parts made of composite material, simple in their design and in their operating mode, which are economical and which make it possible to limit thermal energy. spent for the same efficiency of polymerization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION To this end, the invention relates to a method of producing a composite material part in which continuous and electrically conductive fibers are deposited to form a stack of folds on a support. According to the invention, at least the face of said support carrying said stack being electrically insulating, the following steps are carried out: a) introducing an electrical terminal between the ends of at least two folds placed directly one above the other in said stack, and on at least two opposite sides of said folds, b) when said fibers are dry, introducing a resin to impregnate said fibers, c) circulating a current between said electrical terminals through said folds to cure said resin by heating by Joule effect or in the liquid state said resin by Joule heating effect to ensure the consolidation of said resin. Since the fibers are continuous and electrically conductive, by placing terminals on at least two opposite sides of the stack, an electrical circuit is established by means of said fibers. Terminals can thus be arranged between all the folds or every two or three folds or more, depending on the polymerization conditions of the stack. Of course, those skilled in the art will understand that step b) is purely optional since it may be a stack of pre-impregnated fibers. Preferably, the support is electrically insulating or at least the face of this support receiving said stack is electrically insulating. The composite materials to which the process of the present invention applies are materials consisting of a resin and a fibrous reinforcement intended to confer particular properties on these materials. In particular, these composite materials consist of a fibrous reinforcement in the form of folds, which ensures the strength and rigidity of the parts, and an organic matrix ensuring the connection between the fiber folds.
    [0004] The continuous and electrically conductive fibers are generally made of carbon.
    [0005] Advantageously, the present method of producing a composite material part authorizes the manufacture of composite parts similar to polymerized or consolidated parts in a traditional manner but with a better controlled energy cost and higher production rates. It finds applications in the fields implementing composite parts such as space, aeronautics, automotive, nautical, In various particular embodiments of this method, each having its particular advantages and likely many technical combinations possible: - said stack having a greater dimension along at least one of the longitudinal and transverse axes of said piece, the hardened assembly obtained in step c) is cut away from the dimensions of the part to be produced. The resulting assembly is thus cut to the final dimensions of the part to be produced. Advantageously, it is possible to cut the assembly obtained in line with the end of each terminal placed in said assembly. in step a), at least said electrical terminals are introduced between the ends of two plies placed directly one above the other at the center of said stack for heating said core stack, at least some of said folds of the stack so that the fibers of these folds have different orientations with respect to a main axis of this stack.
    [0006] By having different fiber orientations, this gives a better distribution of heat in the stack. For purely illustrative purposes, each fold being formed of unidirectional fibers, a first fold has an angle of inclination of 0 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the stack, the fold immediately superimposed on this first fold has an angle of inclination of 45 ° relative to this longitudinal axis while a third fold placed directly above the second fold has an inclination angle of 90 ° relative to said longitudinal axis. at least one temperature sensor is introduced into said stack or at least one temperature sensor is placed on the outer surface of said stack and the electric power is regulated according to a temperature profile required, in step b) said plies are impregnated with a thermosetting or thermoplastic resin. The impregnation of said resin is carried out by depression. said folds of fibers are folds of unidirectional fibers or woven folds, that is to say having two orientations of the fibers at 90 ° in the same fold. The present invention also relates to an installation for implementing the method of manufacturing a piece of composite material as described above. According to the invention, this installation comprises: a mold whose at least the surface intended to support said stack is electrically insulating, at least two electrical terminals, a source of electrical power, and a supply circuit for connect said electrical terminals to said source. Of course, when it is necessary to introduce a thermosetting or thermoplastic resin to impregnate the folds of the stack 20 before step c), this installation comprises an injection device. The temperature of this injection device can be regulated in order to keep the material to be injected into the mold, remaining in the device after injection, at a temperature preventing its polymerization. In various particular embodiments of this installation, each having its particular advantages and capable of numerous possible technical combinations: said electrical terminals are foils or metal wires, this installation comprises a pressing means for exerting pressure on said stacking during the polymerization phase. This pressing means makes it possible to cause a de-walling operation to expel air trapped between the plies and around the fibers during the polymerization step. The porosity is thus reduced and the air and the solvents are removed during this polymerization step. said mold is made of an electrically insulating material such as a composite material based on glass fibers or treated wood or other non-electrically conductive material.
    [0007] This mold may comprise a fixed half-mold whose outer surface is intended to carry said stack and a sealing bladder intended to cover at least the stack for the purpose of its polymerization. - This installation comprises one or more temperature sensors connected to a control unit for regulating the electrical power delivered by said power source according to a temperature profile requested. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other advantages, aims and particular features of the present invention will emerge from the description which follows, for an explanatory and in no way limiting purpose, with reference to the appended drawings, in which: FIG. sectional view and front view of an installation for producing a composite material part according to a particular embodiment of the present invention, - Figure 2 is a partial view from above of a stack of folds in which electrical terminals have been arranged between all the edges of two successive folds according to another embodiment of the method of the invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION Firstly, it is noted that the figures are not to scale. Figure 1 schematically shows a sectional and front view of an installation 10 for producing a composite material part according to a particular embodiment of the present invention. This piece is here produced by stacking on a half-mold 11 of flat shape, folds 12 of pre-impregnated resin fibers. Of course, this tool 11 could have a non-planar shape such as convex, depending on the final shape to be given to said piece. This half-mold 11 is here made of an electrically insulating material such as a composite material based on glass fibers. Each ply 12 is here formed of unidirectional, continuous and electrically conductive fibers such as carbon fibers, these plies being deposited for example by means of a draping machine (not shown).
    [0008] Between two successive folds 12 of the stack thus produced, are placed two metal foils 13 disposed on two opposite sides of the folds 12 and tangentially, or substantially tangential to the direction defined by the orientation of the unidirectional fibers of these folds. These metal foils 13 which are connected to a power supply circuit powered by a current source 14, define electrical terminals which allow the introduction of an electric current into the piece to be polymerized by means of the fibers of the folds electrically connecting said terminals 13 from one edge to the other of the stack. These metal foils 13 are, for example, rectangular copper plates. If, in a conventional manner, the number of folds 12 deposited depends on the thickness of the part to be produced by taking into account a coefficient of decrease in the thickness of the stack after compacting during the polymerization phase, at least one of the Longitudinal and transverse dimensions of each fold is greater than that of the part to be made to accommodate these terminals. After removal of the plies 12 of pre-impregnated fibers and metal foils 13, the assembly is covered, inter alia, with a bladder 15 permitting the hermetic passage of the electrical connection elements 16 of the supply circuit such as electrical wires. In addition, pressurization of the stack during the polymerization step is provided by a pressing means (not shown). This pressing means may for example comprise one or more strips moving along vertical guide rails. By Joule effect, it ensures a rise in the temperature of the material with a heat source placed directly in the core of the material to be polymerized which advantageously limits the energy required for the polymerization of the workpiece for the same polymerization efficiency.
    [0009] One or more temperature probes (not shown) introduced into the assembly thus obtained, for example directly in the material to be polymerized, make it possible to regulate the electrical power delivered by the supply source 14 as a function of the temperature profile required. Advantageously, for the cases of thin parts or material with low reaction exotherm, the rate of rise in temperature will no longer be limited by the thermal inertia of the tools and heating means of the state of the art. Once the polymerization step is complete, the cured assembly thus obtained is cut to the final dimensions of the part to be produced, which amounts in particular to eliminating the parts of this assembly having received, or placed at right, metal foils 13. Figure 2 is a partial view from above of a stack of folds implemented in another embodiment of the method of the present invention. The elements of Figure 2 bearing the same references as those of Figure 1 represent the same objects which will not be described again below. This stack of plies was obtained by depositing wrinkles 17, that is to say folds in each of which the fibers have a 90 ° orientation from each other. Moreover, electrical terminals 13, 18 are placed between two folds 17 woven on all sides defined by these two folds. Of course, and alternatively, first terminals 13 could have been disposed between two first folds 17 at two opposite first edges of these first folds alternating with second terminals 18 placed between two second folds 17 at the level of two second opposite edges of these second folds. Preferably, these first two and two second folds have a woven fold 17 in common so that it is a stack of three successive folds.
    [0010] This ensures a better distribution in the stack of the energy produced by Joule effect.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Process for producing a composite material part in which plies (12) of continuous and electrically conductive fibers are deposited to form a stack of folds (12) on a support (11), characterized in that at least the face said support (11) carrying said stack is electrically insulating, and in that the following steps are carried out: a) introducing an electrical terminal (13, 18) between the ends of at least two folds (12) placed directly on the one above the other in said stack, and on at least two opposite sides of said folds (12), b) when said fibers are dry, introducing a resin to impregnate said fibers, c) circulating a current between said terminals (13, 18) electrically through said plies (12) to cure said resin by heating by Joule effect or to bring said resin in the liquid state by Joule heating to ensure its consolidation.
    [0002]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said stack having a greater dimension along at least one of the longitudinal and transverse axes of said piece, the hardened assembly obtained in step c) is shunted to the dimensions of the piece to realize.
    [0003]
    3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in step a), at least said terminals (13, 18) are electrically inserted between the ends of two folds (12) placed directly one above the other in the center of said stack for heating this stack to heart.
    [0004]
    4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least some of said folds (12) of the stack is deposited so that the fibers of these folds (12) have different orientations relative to each other. to a main axis of this stack.
    [0005]
    5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one temperature sensor is introduced into said stack or at least one temperature sensor is placed on the outer surface of said stack and in that the electric power is regulated according to a requested temperature profile.
    [0006]
    6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in step b), said plies (12) is impregnated with a thermosetting or thermoplastic resin.
    [0007]
    7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the impregnation of said resin is carried out by depression.
    [0008]
    8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said folds (12, 17) of fibers are folds (12) of unidirectional fibers or folds (17) woven.
    [0009]
    9. Installation for carrying out the method of manufacturing a composite material part according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises: - a mold (11, 15) of which at least surface for supporting said stack is electrically insulating, - at least two terminals (13, 18) electrical, - a source (14) of power supply, and - a supply circuit for connecting said terminals (13, 18) electrical to said source.
    [0010]
    10. Installation according to claim 9, characterized in that said terminals (13, 18) electrical are foils or metal son.
    [0011]
    11. Installation according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that it comprises a pressing means for exerting pressure on said stack during the polymerization phase.
    [0012]
    12. Installation according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that said mold (11, 15) is made of an electrically insulating material.
    [0013]
    13. Installation according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that it comprises one or more temperature sensors connected to a control unit for regulating the electrical power delivered by said source (14) of electrical power supply. depending on a temperature profile requested.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP3126126B1|2021-01-06|Process and installation for producing a composite material part
    EP0984853B1|2002-02-20|Equipment for on-site repair of a composite structure with a damaged zone and corresponding method
    EP2599614A1|2013-06-05|Method for manufacturing a preform and its use in the manufacture of a composite part
    EP2394492B1|2013-05-01|Souple membrane for manufacturing of items made of compound materials
    EP2255595A2|2010-12-01|Device for converting materials using induction heating and deformable compacting means
    CA2930813A1|2015-06-11|Method for impregnation of a fibrous preform and device for implementation of the said method
    EP2726272B1|2015-04-29|Method for locally strengthening a composite panel with fibrous reinforcement and panel obtained using such a method
    EP2879859B1|2017-08-23|Method for producing a mould intended for moulding a composite part
    WO2020016514A1|2020-01-23|Method for welding parts made of thermoplastic material
    EP3194151A1|2017-07-26|Diffuser vane made of composite material for a gas turbine engine and method for manufacturing same
    WO2017212194A1|2017-12-14|Method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module
    FR2693147A1|1994-01-07|Repair of sandwich type composite material parts partic. aircraft radomes - with hot cured patch gas cooling element around repair area to prevent accelerated ageing of undamaged areas
    FR3066428A1|2018-11-23|METHOD FOR MAKING A COMPOSITE MATERIAL BENDED PART AND CORRESPONDING BENDED PART
    FR3033278A1|2016-09-09|WOOD MOLD WITH HOT FRAME
    CH711914A2|2017-06-15|Process for producing a carbon fiber watch case and a carbon fiber watch case
    FR3043358A1|2017-05-12|TOOLING FOR FORMING A BURST IN COMPOSITE MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A COMPOSITE MATERIAL PART USING THE SAME
    FR3102705A1|2021-05-07|Thermoplastic parts manufacturing system
    EP3572215A1|2019-11-27|Assembly method by welding at least two parts made of composite material
    FR3108553A1|2021-10-01|Welding process of parts based on thermoplastic material
    FR3026979A1|2016-04-15|
    FR3067650A1|2018-12-21|MONOLITHIC COMPOSITE STRUCTURE FOR EXTENDED RANGE OF TEMPERATURES AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME
    WO2017108953A1|2017-06-29|Process and device for manufacturing a composite part enabling the evacuation of gas from the composite part
    FR3063927A1|2018-09-21|METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING PRE-IMPREGNATED COMPOSITE MATERIAL PARTS, PARTS OBTAINED THEREBY AND USE OF SUCH PIECES
    EP1871583B1|2011-08-03|Laminated heating device and method for producing same
    WO2018002507A1|2018-01-04|Method for manufacturing a friction lining
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3126126B1|2021-01-06|
    CN106457699A|2017-02-22|
    WO2015150515A1|2015-10-08|
    US10596771B2|2020-03-24|
    FR3019489B1|2016-12-23|
    US20170129194A1|2017-05-11|
    EP3126126A1|2017-02-08|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPS5667217A|1979-11-08|1981-06-06|Mitsubishi Electric Corp|Molding of composite material|
    JPS6044328A|1983-08-22|1985-03-09|Tsunehiko Tsuboi|Method of molding reinforced plastic plate|
    US6146576A|1994-08-08|2000-11-14|Intralaminar Heat Cure, Inc.|Method of forming advanced cured resin composite parts|
    EP2511080A1|2011-04-12|2012-10-17|Fundacion Tecnalia Research & Innovation|Device for the preparation of preforms of carbon fiber-reinforced components|
    US4128537A|1977-07-27|1978-12-05|Ici Americas Inc.|Process for preparing ethylenically unsaturated isocyanurates|
    DE2928293C2|1979-07-13|1986-08-07|Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München|Method of fabric impregnation by resin injection|
    CN1544238A|2003-11-17|2004-11-10|中国航空工业第一集团公司北京航空材|Self-resistance heating forming method for carbon fiber reinforced composite material|DE102016213128A1|2016-07-19|2018-01-25|Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft|Method for heating a fiber semifinished product, method for deforming a fiber semifinished product and a deformation tool|
    CN107116810A|2017-05-18|2017-09-01|张彤|A kind of carbon fibre composite self-curing forming technique|
    US10703053B2|2017-07-06|2020-07-07|The Boeing Company|Method and system for manufacturing noodles of structural joints|
    DE102019129199A1|2019-10-29|2021-04-29|Airbus Operations Gmbh|Method for producing a component made of thermosetting fiber composite material for an aircraft and a component obtainable with it|
    法律状态:
    2016-04-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-04-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-04-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-04-18| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2020-04-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2022-01-07| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20211205 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1452946A|FR3019489B1|2014-04-03|2014-04-03|METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR CARRYING OUT A COMPOSITE MATERIAL PART|FR1452946A| FR3019489B1|2014-04-03|2014-04-03|METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR CARRYING OUT A COMPOSITE MATERIAL PART|
    US15/300,388| US10596771B2|2014-04-03|2015-04-02|Process and installation for producing a composite material part|
    CN201580029111.8A| CN106457699A|2014-04-03|2015-04-02|Process and installation for producing a composite material part|
    EP15716002.9A| EP3126126B1|2014-04-03|2015-04-02|Process and installation for producing a composite material part|
    PCT/EP2015/057309| WO2015150515A1|2014-04-03|2015-04-02|Process and installation for producing a composite material part|
    [返回顶部]